Do You Understand What Economics is?
Economics is generally referred to as ‘social science,’ getting its roots in studying essential aspects such as sociology, psychology, and political sciences. The central idea of economics is to simplify human affairs by providing choices and alternatives to maximize our limited resources and satisfy human wants. As responsible individuals, our fundamental right is to be well-informed about the studies that enlighten us on our problems and their solutions. Economics is a universal subject, allowing you to be confident and conduct a fulfilling life by allocating resources efficiently; however, it isn’t limited to this; economics is also a critical factor in the business world.
Worth Population Growth; Malthusian and the Optimum Theory
A significant purpose of economics is to supply people’s wants for goods and services by studying the population trends and enacting them. However, population and economy are directly proportional; how? Because people make an imperative contribution to the productive capacity of an economy.
We are fortunate to have great personalities who play an essential role in the human well-being of a country.
- Malthusian theory: The most well-known theory for the population propounded by Thomas Robert Malthus studies the rapid increase in population and food production. This theory emphasizes the necessity of food in the lives of humans and a vital check on the population since the human population increases faster than food production.
Malthus feared misery, and his theory was criticized as conservative and pessimistic upon introducing an optimal approach. However, the Malthusian view is still relevant and applicable in poor developing countries dependent on agriculture, minerals, or energy exports. It exercised a vital check on the population as well.
- The modern theory of population is the optimum theory; Modern economists rejected the Malthusian approach, focusing on reducing the maximum population. However, the contemporary theory has substituted the idea of the entire population with the optimum population. By optimum, they meant the best and ideal size of the country’s population, like it’s neither small nor big but just accurate to the amount a country should have. In this scenario, resources, state of technical knowledge, and stock of capital will be according to the actual size of the population at which the income of the goods and services per capita will be the highest.
This theory outplaced the previous one with its promising strategy to handle the population and limited available resources.
What is the Point?
We must study population theories since humans are the core of the economy and society’s development, enabling us to transform materials into resources. Checking the number of people, contributions, distribution, characteristics, and growth is essential. Humans are the producers and consumers of natural resources; therefore, we must know how to use them efficiently.
Capital Formation
“Capital formation” refers to the rise in a country’s stock of natural capital. Capital accumulation is the heart of the economic development of any country. In the view of many great economists, capital formation occupies the core position in strategic planning. A severe limiting factor in underdeveloped countries is insufficient capital accumulation.
This concept is especially essential for entrepreneurs and investors to evaluate the current position of the country and financing options; moreover, it offers a clear view of market depth and analyzes investment strategies.
Concept of Inflation
In ordinary language, inflation is the process of rising prices. Increased money supply, disposable incomes, foreign demands, population, salaries, and aggregate spending on consumption and investment goods cause it. When the costs of collecting money rise, the situation is termed inflationary. Deliberate policies are often applied to prevent price rises for the time being, but it is, unfortunately, momentary. Nevertheless, these causes may occur singly or with one another. But, generally, the most important reason is the excessive public expenditure financed by deficit financing either during a war or carrying out plans for economic development.
What is the Point?
Understanding the concept of inflation is fundamental for investors since inflation drastically decreases the value of investment profits. Furthermore, it severely impacts every economic aspect, including consumer spending, investment, interest rates, tax policies, and programs. For example, suppose you are planning to buy a house or car on loan or place savings in a high-yield savings account; by grasping this concept, you can figure out the right moment to pursue these decisions and not get into the misery trap.
Scarce and Choices
Economics studies how we can utilize scarce resources to satisfy our wants. In general, scarce resources include raw materials, energy, labor, etc. However, the demand concerning the supply of a good or service determines the status of scarcity, not the quantity. By understanding this concept, we can efficiently utilize scarce resources or discover alternative uses to satisfy our wants. As all the demands cannot be met with limited resources, in this case, an individual will make a rational choice and fulfill the more critical need.
Time Value of Money
This principle is crucial for learners who wish to handle their money efficiently. The time value of money concept believes that a dollar now is worth more than a dollar tomorrow from an authentic economic perspective. We may use the time worth of money to guide us in several ways. It not only motivates us to invest our money to outperform market interest rates, but it also instructs us to consider inflation. As a consumer, your primary goal is to increase your revenue ahead of inflation; perhaps you’ll be able to preserve your current lifestyle.
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